鸟说 文言文翻译

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鸟说 文言文翻译

鸟说 文言文翻译
鸟说 文言文翻译

鸟说 文言文翻译
【原文】
养鸟①
所云不得笼中养鸟,而予又未尝不爱鸟,但养鸟之有道耳.欲养鸟莫如多种树,使绕屋数百株,扶疏茂密②,为鸟国鸟家.将旦时,睡梦初醒,尚展转③在被,听一片啁啾④,如《云门》、《咸池》⑤之奏;及披衣而起,颒面⑥漱口啜茗⑦,见其扬翚振彩⑧,倏往倏来⑨,目不暇给⑩,固非一笼一羽之乐而已(11).大率平生乐趣,欲以天地为囿(12),江汉为池,各适其天(13),斯为大快.比之盆鱼笼鸟,其巨细仁何如也(14)!
【字词注释】
①选自《板桥家书》,作者郑燮.②扶疏茂密:枝叶茂盛纷披的样子.③展转:来回转动.④啁(zh#u)啾(ji&):鸟叫声.⑤《云门》、《咸池》:古代乐舞名,相传是黄帝和唐尧之舞.⑥颒(hu@)面:洗脸.⑦啜(chu^)茗(m0n):喝茶.⑧扬翚(hu9)振彩:张开五彩缤纷的翅膀飞翔.⑨倏:极快地,忽然.⑩目不暇给(j!):眼睛看不过来了.(11)固非一笼一羽之乐而已:意思是本来就不是一笼一鸟的乐趣可比.(12)囿(y#u):园林.(13)各适其天:意思是各自顺着它们的天性自由地生活.(14)其巨细仁何如也:意思是这样空间的大小,用心的仁慈或残忍,相差多么远啊!
【诗文翻译】
上文所说不应该把鸟关在笼子里养,可是我从来不曾不喜欢过鸟,只是养鸟有养鸟的方法罢了.只想养鸟,不如多种些树木,让树围绕着房屋多达几百棵,枝叶茂盛,纷披拂动,成为鸟的乐园.每天早晨,从睡梦中刚刚醒来,还在被褥里翻来覆去时,就可以听到一片鸟叫声,就好像听到《云门》、《咸池》等乐曲的演奏声;等到起身穿好衣服,洗脸漱口,品味清茶时,看到它们张开五彩缤纷的翅膀飞翔,一下子飞来又一下子飞去,连眼睛也看不过来,享受到的这种乐趣本来就不是一笼一鸟的乐趣可以相比.大概人生的乐趣,就是把天地当做园林,把江河当做水池,各自顺着自己的天性自由地生活,享受到这种情景才算是最大的快乐,比起那盆中养鱼,笼中囚鸟来说,这样空间的大小,用心的仁慈或残忍,相差多么远啊!
上文所说不应该把鸟关在笼子里养,可是我从来不曾不喜欢过鸟,只是养鸟有养鸟的方法罢了.只想养鸟,不如多种些树木,让树围绕着房屋多达几百棵,枝叶茂盛,纷披拂动,成为鸟的乐园.每天早晨,从睡梦中刚刚醒来,还在被褥里翻来覆去时,就可以听到一片鸟叫声,就好像听到《云门》、《咸池》等乐曲的演奏声;等到起身穿好衣服,洗脸漱口,品味清茶时,看到它们张开五彩缤纷的翅膀飞翔,一下子飞来又一下子飞去,连眼睛也看不过来,享受到的这种乐趣本来就不是一笼一鸟的乐趣可以相比.大概人生的乐趣,就是把天地当做园林,把江河当做水池,各自顺着自己的天性自由地生活,享受到这种情景才算是最大的快乐,比起那盆中养鱼,笼中囚鸟来说,这样空间的大小,用心的仁慈或残忍,相差多么远啊!
翻译:我读书的房屋,它旁边有桂树一棵.桂树上有一天有关关叫的声音,便看它,是两只鸟在枝干之间做巢,离地不
到五六尺,人的手可以碰到它.巢像小杯子一样大小,精密完整而牢固,用细草缠结而成.鸟是一雌一雄,小的不能满一捧,
毛色明亮而洁净,美好洁白可爱,不知它们是什么鸟.
雏鸟将要出(壳)了,雌鸟用翅膀盖着它,雄鸟去捕食.每次得到食物,就栖息在屋上,不马上下来.(房屋的)主人
玩笑地用手摇它的巢,(它们)就向下看着鸣叫,轻摇它轻叫,重摇它就大叫,手拿下来,鸣叫就停.
(后来有)一天,我从外面来,见(鸟)巢掉在地上,找两只鸟和鸟卵,没有了.问它们(的去向),是某人(屋主)
的童仆抓走了.
唉!因为这鸟的羽毛洁白而且鸣叫声音好听,为什么不到深山居住在茂密的树林栖息呢,托付身体不是(合适的)地方,
才被奴仆屈辱而死.那(人)世上的路(就)很宽吗?!
感:怜惜洁白美好的小鸟,悲叹其命运多舛.先是被摇巢戏谑,后被捕捉丧命.自觉高洁,感同身受,便发出同病相怜
的哀叹.叹世间:人间正道是沧桑!正如老子所说:天之道,损有余而补不足;人之道,则不然,损不足而补有余

我在少年的时候,所居住的书房前,种有翠竹松柏以及一些花草,郁郁葱葱地长满在庭院里,许多鸟在上面筑巢。武阳君对杀生的行为很痛恨,嘱咐家里的小孩、奴婢及仆人,都不能捕捉鸟雀。几年的时间下来,鸟巢把树枝都压弯了,鸟巢里孵的小鸟低下头去都可以偷偷地看得到。还有一种叫桐花凤的鸟也有四五百只,飞翔在院子里,这种鸟的羽毛是最为珍贵很难得见得到的,但(这种鸟)却能很驯服不受干扰(地待在那儿),而且也不怕人。乡村里...

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我在少年的时候,所居住的书房前,种有翠竹松柏以及一些花草,郁郁葱葱地长满在庭院里,许多鸟在上面筑巢。武阳君对杀生的行为很痛恨,嘱咐家里的小孩、奴婢及仆人,都不能捕捉鸟雀。几年的时间下来,鸟巢把树枝都压弯了,鸟巢里孵的小鸟低下头去都可以偷偷地看得到。还有一种叫桐花凤的鸟也有四五百只,飞翔在院子里,这种鸟的羽毛是最为珍贵很难得见得到的,但(这种鸟)却能很驯服不受干扰(地待在那儿),而且也不怕人。乡村里的人见到这种现象,都认为是很奇怪的事情。(其实)这也没有什么其他的原因,不外乎是(主人)对待这些鸟雀的诚心,对待这些不同于人类的动物一直守信用的原因。

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作品注释
   ( 1 )啁啾:象声词,形容鸟叫的声音
  (2)即:走近,靠近
  ( 3 )去:距离。
  ( 4 )盏:灯。
  ( 5 )掬:用手捧,盈掬:这里指用手满握。
  ( 6 )翼:翅膀。
  ( 7 )瞰(kàn):从高的地方向下看,俯视。
  ( 8 )即:就。
  ( 9 )已:停止。...

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作品注释
   ( 1 )啁啾:象声词,形容鸟叫的声音
  (2)即:走近,靠近
  ( 3 )去:距离。
  ( 4 )盏:灯。
  ( 5 )掬:用手捧,盈掬:这里指用手满握。
  ( 6 )翼:翅膀。
  ( 7 )瞰(kàn):从高的地方向下看,俯视。
  ( 8 )即:就。
  ( 9 )已:停止。
  ( 10 )鵱:音构,鸟卵。这里指幼鸟。
  (11)旡:音无,通“无”。
  (12)奚:何。栖(qī):住,歇息。
  (13) 覆;盖着
  作品译文
  我读书的房屋,它旁边有一棵桂树。桂树上每天有关关叫声,靠近一看,是两只鸟在枝干之间做巢,离地不到五六尺,人的手可以碰到它。巢像小杯子一样大小,精密完整而牢固,用细草缠结而成。鸟是一雌一雄,小的不能满一捧, 毛色明亮而洁净,美好洁白可爱,不知道是什么鸟。
  雏鸟将要出壳了,雌鸟用翅膀盖着它,雄鸟去捕食。每次得到食物,就栖息在屋上,不马上下来。房屋的主人戏弄地用手摇它的巢,它们就向下看着鸣叫,轻摇它轻叫,重摇它就大叫,手拿下来,鸣叫就停。 后来有一天,我从外面来,见鸟巢掉在地上,找两只鸟和雏鸟,没有了。问它们的去向,是屋主的童仆抓走了。
  唉!因为这鸟的羽毛洁白而且鸣叫声音好听,为什么不到深山而是居住在茂密的树林栖息呢,托付身体到不合适的地方, 才会被奴仆屈辱而死。那人生上的路就很宽吗?!
  叹世间:人间正道是沧桑!正如老子所说:天之道,损有余而补不足;人之道,则不然,损不足而补有余。

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