SAT语法题（OC）；有关ving就近修饰名词,The Pony Express was an ingenious system for carrying (mail,having exixted only briefly) before the telegraph system made it obsolete.括号就是划线.正确答案是：mail; it was in existence o

SAT语法题（OC）；有关ving就近修饰名词,The Pony Express was an ingenious system for carrying (mail,having exixted only briefly) before the telegraph system made it obsolete.括号就是划线.正确答案是：mail; it was in existence o
SAT语法题（OC）；有关ving就近修饰名词,
The Pony Express was an ingenious system for carrying (mail,having exixted only briefly) before the telegraph system made it obsolete.
括号就是划线.正确答案是：mail; it was in existence only briefly,however,
听说having在这里只能就近修饰名词mail,可是我百思不得其解,有哪位高手能多给我几个好的例句,帮助我理解这种ving就近修饰名词的道理?

SAT语法题（OC）；有关ving就近修饰名词,The Pony Express was an ingenious system for carrying (mail,having exixted only briefly) before the telegraph system made it obsolete.括号就是划线.正确答案是：mail; it was in existence o
分词短语having …在这里并非就近修饰名词mail.如果就近修饰 mail 的话,意思就成了“只不过短暂存在的邮件”了,这与前面的句子前言不搭后语.
一、放在句子后面的分词短语常常充当陪衬性状语,也称作伴随状语,用来补充说明前面句子的陪衬情况.在这句话,句子主体说的是“这种小型快车曾经是一种用来运送邮件的设计精巧的装置”,后面的分词短语是用来补充说明作为运送邮件的小型快车投入使用后的情况,即“它只不过存在了十分短暂的时间”.
二、分词短语having existed only briefly 的逻辑主语是句子主语 The Pony Express,它与正确答案 it was in existence only briefly, however 这个句子的各部分互为平行——
1、having existed（已经存在）= it was in existence（它处于实际存在状态.——it 指代 The Pony Express）,
2、only（只不过） = however（不过,然而）
3、briefly 保持不变
三、有关分词短语作陪衬状语举例如下：
* The teacher entered the classroom in time, having a thick book under his arm. 老师按时进入教室,腋下夹了一本厚厚的书.
* She stood there, waiting for the bus. 她站在那里等着公交车.
* He wrote to me yesterday, saying that he was going abroad. 他昨天写信给我,说是他要出国.

1. "ving就近修饰名词的道理"
-------Whoever said this without qualification is wrong as wrong could possibly be.
-------There is no such so-called golden rule at all. It sounds like one of those rules g...

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1. "ving就近修饰名词的道理"
-------Whoever said this without qualification is wrong as wrong could possibly be.
-------There is no such so-called golden rule at all. It sounds like one of those rules generated by those "experts" and followed fanatically by those insensible learners at those most famous (or, rather, infamous) schools, especially the one initially set up in Beijing.
2. Yes, it would be better to say:
The Pony Express, having existed only briefly, was....
3. However, we can never say that a v-ing should always (my addition) qualify the noun that immediately precedes it. It must also be noted that v-ings have numerous grammatical functions.
4. Mind you, examples in both directions abound. You are doing SAT; surely you yourself can secure myriad examples.
5. Overgeneralization is more harmful than good. Unfortunately, overgeneralization repeats itself every day in language schools in China, especially in those "famous" ones.

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