理科论文 ：对城市园林中有害生物的现状问题及对策分析[1]

【找论文网 - 理学论文】
摘要：近年来，我国城市绿化取得了前所未有的成就，城市环境质量明显改善。各城市都将园林绿化作为经营城市的重要手段，市民是直接受益者。在领导的重视和园林工作者的辛勤工作下，各城市的空气质量、环境质量和市民的活动场所均大为改观。但在城市化迅速发展进程中，人类也不同程度地改变和破坏了生物之间的生态平衡，引进了许多外来植物，建造了许多新的植物类群，形成了新的城市植被和园林植物格局，在其发展过程中不可避免地出现了一些偏离初衷的不和协音符，导致了园林植物中有害生物的严重发生，造成了经济上的巨大损失。而这种损失在时间上是不可弥补的，该损失目前还没有得到足够的重视。由于园林植保工作具有前瞻性的特点，因此决定了应以“预防”为主，“治疗”为辅。
关键词：城市园林 有害生物 问题分析 对策
Abstract: In recent years, our country city afforestation has achieved the unprecedented achievement, the urban environment quality distinct improvement. Various cities manage the botanical garden afforestation achievement urban the important means that the resident are the direct beneficiary. In the leadership value and under the botanical garden worker’s hard work, various cities’ air quality, the environment quality and resident’s activity venue greatly to have a new look. But in the urbanized rapidly expand advancement, the human also varying degree changed and destroyed between the biological ecological equilibrium, has introduced many introduced plants, has constructed many new plant class groups, has formed the new urban vegetation and the ornamental plant pattern, presented some deviation original intention inevitably in its developing process not the harmonious cooperation note, has caused in the ornamental plant the harmful biological serious occurrence, has created in the economical heavy loss. But this kind of loss in the time is unredeemable, this loss had not obtained the enough value at present. Because the botanical garden plant protection work has the forward-looking characteristic, therefore decided should by “the prevention” primarily, “treatment” for auxiliary.

key word: Urban botanical garden harmful biology problem analysis countermeasure

1 有害生物的现状

号称松树“癌症”的松材线虫在广东、江苏、浙江、安徽、山东等地每天都有新的疫点发生，其蔓延之势已覆盖了我国5亿多亩森林。

危害100多种植物的美国白蛾在辽宁、山东、河北、天津等地并未“扑灭”，而且新疫点频频出现，现对北京已成包围之势，正在敲响北京的大门。

国槐的蛀干害虫锈色粒肩天牛，八十年代至九十年代初一直以河南、山东南部为根据地，局部为害国槐、栾树，九十年代中期向东、西、北三个方向出击，成为蛀干害虫的优势种，如今理学论文